Gufata neza

Gufata neza

Igikoresho cya optique ni igicucu cyoroshye cyangwa ibice byibikoresho byashyizwe mubintu bya optique, nka lens cyangwa indorerwamo, bihindura uburyo ibintu bya optique byerekana kandi bigatanga urumuri.Ubwoko bumwe bwa optique yo gutwikira ni anti-reflice, igabanya imitekerereze idakenewe kuva hejuru, ikunze gukoreshwa kumadarubindi no mumashusho.Ubundi bwoko ni igifuniko cyerekana cyane, gishobora gukoreshwa mugukora indorerwamo zigaragaza urumuri rurenga 99,99%.Ibikoresho byinshi bya optique byerekana neza cyane uburebure bwumurambararo hamwe na antireflection kumurongo muremure bituma habaho gukora dicroic thin-firime filtri.

Ubwoko bwo gutwikira

Kuzirikana hamwe n'imirongo ya Wavelength Mugihe gisanzwe kuri Aluminium (Al), Ifeza (Ag), na Zahabu (Au) Indorerwamo z'ibyuma

Ibikoresho byoroshye bya optique ni ibyuma byoroheje, nka aluminiyumu, bigashyirwa hejuru yikirahure kugirango bibe hejuru yikirahure, inzira yitwa silver.Icyuma cyakoreshejwe kigena indorerwamo zigaragaza;aluminiyumu nigiciro cyinshi kandi gisanzwe, gitanga hafi 88% –92% byerekana muburyo bugaragara.Ihenze cyane ni ifeza, ifite 95% –99% yo kwigaragaza ndetse no muri infragre ya kure, ariko yagabanije kwigaragaza (<90%) mubice byubururu na ultraviolet.Ihenze cyane ni zahabu, yuzuye infragre.Tanga ibitekerezo byiza (98% –99%), ariko kugaragarira kugarukira kumuraba uri munsi ya 550 nm, bikavamo ibara rya zahabu ryihariye.

Mugucunga ubunini nubucucike bwicyuma, ibyerekanwa birashobora kugabanuka no kohereza hejuru hejuru, bikavamo indorerwamo ya feza.Ibi rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa nk "indorerwamo imwe".

Ubundi bwoko bwingenzi bwa optique ya coating ni dielectric coating (nukuvuga, gukoresha ibikoresho bifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye byangirika nka substrate).Zigizwe n'ibice bito by'ibikoresho, nka fluoride ya magnesium, fluor ya calcium, hamwe na oxyde zitandukanye z'ibyuma, zishyirwa kuri optique ya optique.Muguhitamo witonze ibihimbano, ubunini n'umubare w'ibi byiciro, kugaragariza no guhererekanya impuzu birashobora guhuzwa kugirango bitange ibintu byose byifuzwa.Coefficient de coiffure yubuso irashobora kugabanuka munsi ya 0.2%, bikavamo igipfunsi cyo kurwanya (AR).Ibinyuranye, hamwe no gutwika cyane (HR), ibyerekanwa birashobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 99,99%.Urwego rwo kugaragariza rushobora kandi guhindurwa ku gaciro runaka, urugero, kubyara indorerwamo igaragaza 90% mu burebure bw’umuraba kandi ikohereza 10% yumucyo uyigwamo.Indorerwamo nkizo zikoreshwa nkibisohoka bisohoka mumashanyarazi na laseri.Ubundi, igifuniko gishobora gushushanywa kugirango indorerwamo igaragaze gusa umurongo muto wuburebure bwumurongo, ukarema optique ya filteri.

Ubwinshi bwimyenda ya dielectric yatumye ikoreshwa mubikoresho byinshi bya siyansi optique nka laseri, microscopes optique, telesikopi ya retrator, na interferometero, hamwe nibikoresho byabaguzi nka binokula, indorerwamo z'amaso, hamwe n'amafoto yo gufotora.

Ibice bya dielectric rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa hejuru yicyuma kugirango gitange urwego rukingira (nka dioxyde de silicon kuri aluminium), cyangwa kugirango byongere imbaraga za firime yicyuma.Gukomatanya ibyuma na dielectric nabyo bikoreshwa mugukora imyenda igezweho idashobora kubyara ubundi buryo.Urugero nicyo bita "indorerwamo itunganye", yerekana ibitekerezo bihanitse (ariko bidatunganye) hamwe no kutumva neza bidasanzwe uburebure bwumuraba, inguni, na polarisiyasi.