Gupfunyika Vacuum ni tekinike ikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye bwa firime.Atome yibikoresho biri mucyumba cya vacuum bitandukanijwe nisoko yubushyuhe kandi bigakubita hejuru yikintu kigomba gushyirwaho.Iri koranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu gukora lensike optique, nka lens ya telesikope yo mu nyanja.Nyuma yaje kwaguka no mu zindi firime zikora, andika aluminiyumu, gutwikira imitako no guhindura ibintu.Kurugero, isaha yisaha yashizwemo zahabu yigana, kandi icyuma cyumukanishi cyashizweho kugirango uhindure umutuku no gukomera.
Iriburiro:
Igice cya firime cyateguwe mu cyuho, harimo gushyiramo ibyuma bya kristalline, icyuma gikoresha imashanyarazi, insulator, hamwe nandi mafirime yibanze cyangwa avanze.Nubwo imyuka ya chimique nayo ikoresha uburyo bwa vacuum nko kugabanya umuvuduko, umuvuduko muke cyangwa plasma, gutwikira vacuum muri rusange bivuga gukoresha uburyo bwumubiri kugirango ubike firime zoroshye.Hariho uburyo butatu bwo gutwikira vacuum, aribwo gutwika impumuro nziza, gusuka hamwe no gufata ion.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Vacuum ryatangiye kugaragara bwa mbere muri 1930, inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda zatangiye kugaragara muri 1940 na 1950, naho inganda nini nini zitangira mu myaka ya za 1980.Yakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda nka electronics, icyogajuru, gupakira, gushushanya, no gushyirwaho kashe.Ipfunyika rya Vacuum bivuga gushira icyuma runaka cyangwa icyuma kivanze hejuru yikintu (ubusanzwe kitari icyuma) muburyo bwa feri ya gaze mubidukikije, ni inzira yo guta imyuka yumubiri.Kuberako gutwikira akenshi ari firime yicyuma, byitwa kandi vacuum metallisation.Mu buryo bwagutse, gutwikira vacuum harimo no kubika vacuum ya firime ikora idafite ibyuma nka polymers hejuru yicyuma cyangwa ibikoresho bitari ibyuma.Mubikoresho byose bigomba gushyirwaho, plastike nicyo gikunze kugaragara, hagakurikiraho impapuro.Ugereranije nicyuma, ububumbyi, ibiti nibindi bikoresho, plastiki zifite ibyiza byamasoko menshi, kugenzura imikorere byoroshye, no gutunganya byoroshye.Kubwibyo, ubwoko bwinshi bwa plastiki cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya polymer bikoreshwa nkibikoresho byububiko byubaka kandi bikoreshwa cyane mumodoka, ibikoresho byo murugo, no gukoresha burimunsi.Gupakira, gushushanya ubukorikori hamwe nizindi nganda.Nyamara, ibikoresho byinshi bya pulasitiki bifite inenge nko gukomera hejuru, kugaragara bidahagije, no kwihanganira kwambara.Kurugero, firime yoroheje cyane irashobora gushyirwa hejuru ya plastike kugirango plastike igaragare neza.Irashobora kongera cyane kwangirika kwimyambarire yubuso bwibikoresho, kandi ikagura cyane imitako nogukoresha plastike.
Imikorere yo gutwikira vacuum ifite impande nyinshi, nayo igena ko ibihe byo kuyikoresha ari byiza cyane.Muri rusange, ibikorwa byingenzi byo gutwikira vacuum harimo gutanga urugero rwinshi rwumucyo wibyuma hamwe nindorerwamo yibirahure hejuru yibice byashizweho, bigatuma urwego rwa firime rufite inzitizi nziza kubintu bya firime, no gutanga amashanyarazi meza ya electronique na magnetique.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-31-2021